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what is the photovoltaic energy?

Sometimes called photovoltaic energy or photoelectric energy, it  is a type of sustainable energy that is born from the process of transforming solar radiation into electricity. 

what is the photovoltaic energy?

This transformation of solar energy into electrical energy is carried out by devices called  photovoltaic panels , which are exposed to solar radiation, which excites the electrons of a semiconductor device that generate a small potential difference, allowing the generation of electrical current. . When deciding to incorporate a solar energy system, it is very important to bear in mind that  among the main benefits of photovoltaic technology is its modular appearance , which allows building from huge photovoltaic plants on the ground to small solar panels for roofs.

what is the photovoltaic energy?

How is solar energy transformed into electricity?

Photovoltaic solar panels are used to transform solar radiation into electricity  . These solar panels are made up of photovoltaic cells, which are made of a material with electrons that are sensitive to solar radiation. When a  photon hits a silicon atom, an electron jumps, generating an electric current. 

This process of transforming solar energy into electricity is based on the so-called photoelectric effect , by which certain materials are capable of absorbing photons (light particles) and releasing electrons, generating an electric current.

Applications of photovoltaic solar energy

The main use is the production of electricity from solar radiation, these being the main techniques and uses of this technology:

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1- Integrated systems in roofs and buildings:

They are usually adapted to existing buildings. They are generally mounted on the existing roof structure or on existing walls.

2- Hybrid thermal photovoltaic solar collector:

They convert solar radiation into thermal and electrical energy.

3- Power plants:

They are solar farms to obtain a high production of electrical power.

4- Rural electrification:

Used mostly in rural towns, where power lines are very far from the population.

5- Floating solar:

They are installed in places where there is little land area available. Solar panels float on a water surface such as a swamp, lake, etc.

6- Photovoltaic concentrator:

They use curved lenses and mirrors to focus sunlight onto small solar cells. In this way, a much higher photovoltaic power is achieved.

7- In transport:

It is used for motive power, as well as uses in telecommunications and signaling, and spacecraft applications.

8- Independent systems:

The clearest example of these systems are solar calculators.

Some of the benefits of photovoltaic solar energy

  • It is renewable, inexhaustible and non-polluting, thus contributing to sustainable development.
  • It is a particularly suitable system for rural or isolated areas where the power lines do not reach or its installation is difficult or expensive, or for geographical areas with many hours of sunshine per year.
  • They can be built from huge photovoltaic plants on the ground to small roof panels. The latter are generally mounted on the roof or integrated into buildings, reaching capacities of up to tens of kilowatts. While photovoltaic power plants can generate hundreds of megawatts.

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